1.
Simple Present Tense
Aktif : S + do/does + not
+ V1
Pasif : S + to be
(am, are, is) + not + V3 + by + O
Contoh:
Aktif : She doesn't write
the book
Pasif : The book isn't
written by her
Aktif : I don't wash the
car
Pasif : The car isn't
washed by me
2.
Present Continuous Tense
Aktif : S + to be (am,
are, is) + not + V1-ing
Pasif : S + to be
(am, are, is) + not + being + V3 + by + O
Contoh :
Aktif : She isn't reading
the book
Pasif : The book isn't
being read by her
3.
Present Perfect Tense
Aktif : S + have/has +
not + V3 + O
Pasif : S + have/has
+ not + been + V3 + by + O
Contoh :
Aktif : She hasn't
written the book
Pasif : The book hasn't
been written by her
Aktif : I haven't written
the book
Pasif : The book hasn't been
written by me
4.
Present Perfect Continuous
Tense
Aktif : S + have/has +
not + been + V1-ing + O
Pasif : S + have/has
+ not + been + being + V3 + by + O
Contoh :
Aktif : She hasn't been
reading the book
Pasif : The book hasn't
been being read by her
Aktif : I haven't been
washing the car
Pasif : The car hasn't been
being washed by me
5.
Simple Past Tense
Aktif : S + did + not
+ V1
Pasif : S + to be
(was, were) + not + V3 + by + O
Contoh :
Aktif : She didn't write
a letter
Pasif : A letter wasn't
written by her
6.
Past Continuous Tense
Aktif : S + to be (was,
were) + not + V1-ing + O
Pasif : S + to be
(was, were) + not + being + V3 + by + O
Contoh :
Aktif : She wasn't
washing the car
Pasif : The car wasn't
being washed by her
7.
Past Perfect Tense
Aktif : S + had + not +
V3 + O
Pasif : S + had +
not + been + V3 + by + O
Contoh :
Aktif : She hadn't washed
the car
Pasif : The car hadn't
been washed by her
8.
Past Perfect Continuous
Tense
Aktif : S + had + not +
been + V1-ing + O
Pasif : S + had +
not + been + being + V3 + by + O
Contoh:
Aktif : She hadn't been
washing the car
Pasif : The car hadn't
been being washed by her
9.
Simple Future Tense
Aktif : S + will + not +
V1 + O
Pasif : S + will
+ not + be + V3 + by + O
Contoh :
Aktif : She won't wash
the car
Pasif : The car won't be
washed by her
10. Future Continuous Tense
Aktif : S + will + not +
be + V1-ing + O
Pasif : S + will
+ not + be + being + V3 + by + O
Contoh :
Aktif : She won'tl be
washing the car
Pasif : The car won't be
being washed by her
11. Future Perfect Tense
Aktif : S + will + not +
have + V3 + O
Pasif : S + will
+ not + have + been + V3 + by + O
Contoh :
Aktif : She won't have
washed the car
Pasif : The car won't
have been washed by her
12. Future Perfect Continuous Tense
Aktif : S + will + not +
have + been + V1-ing + O
Pasif : S + will
+ not + have + been + being + V3 + by + O
Contoh :
Aktif : She won't have
been washing the car
Pasif : The car won't
have been being washed by her
13. Simple Future Past Tense
Aktif : S + would +not +
V1
Pasif : S + would
+ not + be + V3 + by + O
Contoh :
Aktif : She wouldn't wash
the car
Pasif : The car wouldn't
be washed by her
14. Future Past Continuous Tense
Aktif : S + would + not +
be + V1-ing + O
Pasif : S + would
+ not + be + being + V3 + by + O
Contoh :
Aktif : She wouldn't be
washing the car
Pasif : The car wouldn't
be being washed by her
15. Future Past Perfect Tense
Aktif : S + would + not
+ have + V3 + O
Pasif : S + would
+ not + have + been + V3 + by + O
Contoh :
Aktif : She wouldn't have
washed the car
Pasif : The car wouldn't
have been washed by her
16. Future Past Perfect Continuous
Tense
Aktif : S + would + not +
have + been + V1-ing + O
Pasif : S + would
+ not + have + been +being + V3 + by + O
Contoh :
Aktif : She wouldn't have
been washing the car
Pasif : The car wouldn't
have been being washed by her
A. Pengertian Explanation Text
“Explanation is a text which
tells processes relating to forming of natural, social, scientific and cultural
phenomena”.
Explanation
adalah sebuah teks yang berisi tentang proses-proses yang berhubungan dengan
fenomena-fenomena alam, sosial, ilmu pengetahuan, budaya dan lainnya.
B. Tujuan Explanation Text
To
explain the processes involved in the formation or working of natural or
socio-cultural phenomena.
Tujuan komunikatif dari explanation text adalah untuk menerangkan proses-proses yang terjadi dalam pembentukan sesuatu yang terkait dengan fenomena-fenomena alam, sosial, ilmu pengetahuan, budaya, dan lainnya yang bertujuan menjelaskan bagaimana atau mengapa hal tersebut bisa terjadi.
Tujuan komunikatif dari explanation text adalah untuk menerangkan proses-proses yang terjadi dalam pembentukan sesuatu yang terkait dengan fenomena-fenomena alam, sosial, ilmu pengetahuan, budaya, dan lainnya yang bertujuan menjelaskan bagaimana atau mengapa hal tersebut bisa terjadi.
C. Generic Structure Explanation Text
1.
General statement
tentang penjelasan umum tentang fenomena yang akan dibahas, bisa berupa pengenalan fenomena tersebut atau penjelasannya.
tentang penjelasan umum tentang fenomena yang akan dibahas, bisa berupa pengenalan fenomena tersebut atau penjelasannya.
2.
Squenced of explanation
berisi tentang penjelasan proses mengapa fenomena tersebut bisa terjadi atau tercipta. A squenced of explanation berupa jawaban dari pertanyaan ‘why’ dan ‘how’ penulis ketika membuat sebuah Explanation text. Dalam squenced of explanation bisa terdiri lebih dari satu paragrap.
berisi tentang penjelasan proses mengapa fenomena tersebut bisa terjadi atau tercipta. A squenced of explanation berupa jawaban dari pertanyaan ‘why’ dan ‘how’ penulis ketika membuat sebuah Explanation text. Dalam squenced of explanation bisa terdiri lebih dari satu paragrap.
3.
Closing
Sebenarnya closing itu tidak tercantum dalam
generic structure dari Explanation text, tetapi kebanyakan orang beranggapan
bahwa paragrap terakhir dari sebuah Explanation text adalah closing, padahal
itu merupakan bagian dari squenced of explantaion yang berisi tentang langkah
akhir yang dijelaskan pada bagian squenced of explanation.
D. Ciri-ciri Explanation Text
1.
Sebuah Explanation text
biasanya berasal dari pertanyaan penulis terkait ‘why’ dan ‘how’ terhadap suatu
fenomena yang ada.
2.
Karena yang diangkat
adalah fenomena maka fokus materinya bukan pada bendanya atau orangnya,
melainkan pada kejadian atau peristiwa yang terjadi pada orang atau benda
tersebut.
3.
Menggunakan Simple
Present tense.
Features of
Explanation Text
1.
Written in Present Tense
(Ditulis dengan menggunakan Present Tense
Explanation Text
menjelaskan proses terbentuknya suatu kejadian atau fenomena yang biasanya
kejadian tersebut akan terjadi berulang – ulang, seperti terbentuknya hujan,
terbentuknya salju, bagaimana lebah membuat madu, dan lain sebagainya. Oleh
karena itu, penulisan Explanation Text harus ditulis menggunakan Simple Present
Tense.
2.
Text arranged into some
numbered points and written in a sequence.
Explanation Text
berisikan proses – proses terbentuknya suatu kejadian atau fenomena yang
ditulis secara berurutan dalam beberapa poin pada bagian Sequenced of
Explanation
3.
Time connectives
Karena Explanation
Text menjelaskan proses terjadinya suatu fenomena atau kejadian atau peristiwa,
biasanya jenis teks ini ditandai dengan adanya kata penghubung waktu yang dapat
berupa first, second, third, firstly, secondly, then, later, next, finally,
atau at last.
4.
Technical vocabulary
Tidak ada komentar:
Posting Komentar